對(duì)于氫氧化鉀大家可能是不大熟悉，氫氧化鉀這種化合物因?yàn)榫哂袕?qiáng)堿性及腐蝕性，因而在化工行業(yè)和其它一些行業(yè)中都有很重要的應(yīng)用，也可以作為很多類試劑應(yīng)用于不同的領(lǐng)域，比如干燥劑、吸收劑、耐火粘合劑等。用于干燥劑我們較常見(jiàn)的就是食品包裝里面裝的干燥劑是為了防止食品受潮。

People may not be familiar with potassium hydroxide. Because of its strong alkalinity and corrosiveness, potassium hydroxide is an important compound in the chemical industry and other industries. It can also be used as a variety of reagents in different fields, such as desiccant, absorbent, fire-resistant adhesive, etc. The common use of desiccants in food packaging is to prevent food from getting damp.

（1）原材料與配方

(1) Raw materials and formulas

①耐火液配方材料 配比/kg 材料 配比/kg氫氧化鉀 8金屬硅化物 30粉末狀碳酸鈉 7水 60。

① Refractory liquid formula material ratio/kg material ratio/kg potassium hydroxide 8 metal silicide 30 powdered sodium carbonate 7 water 60.

②沒(méi)有機(jī)耐火膠配方材料 配比/質(zhì)量份 材料 配比/質(zhì)量份耐火液 10稻殼 5舊報(bào)紙 80棉 5。

② There is no formula material ratio/mass ratio material ratio/mass ratio refractory liquid 10 rice husks 5 old newspapers 80 cotton 5.

（2）氫氧化鉀耐火粘合劑的制備方法

(2) Preparation method of potassium hydroxide refractory adhesive

①耐火液制備方法：在反應(yīng)槽內(nèi)順序加入顆粒狀氫氧化鉀8kg、粉末狀碳酸鈉（蘇打灰）（旭硝子株式會(huì)社制）7kg和金屬硅化物30kg，再加入60l的水。

① Preparation method of refractory liquid: add 8kg of granular potassium hydroxide, 7kg of powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash) (made by Asahi Co., Ltd.) and 30kg of metal silicide into the reaction tank in sequence, and then add 60l of water.

在其中開(kāi)始自然反應(yīng)，從下層的氫氧化鉀開(kāi)始劇烈反應(yīng)，在反應(yīng)槽內(nèi)從下側(cè)向上側(cè)發(fā)生對(duì)流。反應(yīng)溫度自然上升，反應(yīng)溫度在80~90℃的范圍內(nèi)時(shí)，呈活躍的反應(yīng)狀態(tài)。反應(yīng)溫度高不超過(guò)92℃。反應(yīng)在10h左右結(jié)束，分離固體，可以獲得約48l（約70kg）耐火液。殘留的固體是金屬硅化物塊，如果用水洗凈，殘留約22kg左右的金屬硅化物塊。

The natural reaction starts from the potassium hydroxide in the lower layer, and convection occurs from the lower side to the upper side in the reaction tank. The reaction temperature naturally rises, and when the reaction temperature is within the range of 80-90 ℃, it shows an active reaction state. The reaction temperature should not exceed 92 ℃. The reaction ends around 10 hours, and the solid is separated to obtain approximately 48 l (approximately 70 kg) of refractory liquid. The remaining solid is a metal silicide block. If washed with water, about 22kg of metal silicide blocks will remain.

在這種殘存的金屬硅化物塊中，再補(bǔ)充加入約8kg左右的金屬硅化物塊，總和為30kg的金屬硅化物，供給到二次反應(yīng)中。與一次反應(yīng)相同，在反應(yīng)槽內(nèi)加入顆粒狀氫氧化鉀8kg，粉末狀碳酸鈉（蘇打灰）（旭硝子株式會(huì)社制）7kg，接著，依次加入一次反應(yīng)殘留的金屬硅化物塊22kg和新的金屬硅化物塊8kg，接著加入60l水，開(kāi)始二次制備耐火液的反應(yīng)。

In this residual metal silicide block, approximately 8kg of metal silicide blocks are added, totaling 30kg, and supplied to the secondary reaction. As for the primary reaction, 8kg of granular potassium hydroxide and 7kg of powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash) (Asahi Co., Ltd.) are added into the reaction tank, followed by 22kg of residual metal silicide blocks and 8kg of new metal silicide blocks from the primary reaction, followed by 60l of water to start the reaction of secondary preparation of refractory liquid.

在制備中，按照先加顆粒狀氫氧化鉀，再加入粉末狀碳酸鈉（蘇打灰），再加入金屬硅化物塊，然后加水的加料順序，由下層氫氧化鉀開(kāi)始反應(yīng)，可形成上下對(duì)流式活躍反應(yīng)，由此制備的耐火液性能較好。

In the preparation, granular potassium hydroxide is added first, then powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash) is added, then metal silicide blocks are added, and then water is added. The reaction starts from the lower layer of potassium hydroxide, which can form an up and down convection active reaction. The refractory liquid thus prepared has good performance.