順酐全名為順丁烯二酸酐，又稱為馬來(lái)酸酐，是一種有強(qiáng)烈刺激氣味的無(wú)色結(jié)晶粉末，于1834年首次由蘋果酸得到。早期，順丁烯二酸酐是通過(guò)苯的催化氧化制備，但為了降低生產(chǎn)成本，改用正丁烷氧化法制取順酐由苯經(jīng)催化氧化或由丁烯或丁烷用空氣氧化而制得，溶于乙醇、乙醚和丙酮，難溶于石油醚和四氯化碳，與熱水作用而成馬來(lái)酸；

Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, is a colorless crystalline powder with a strong pungent odor. It was first obtained from malic acid in 1834. In the early days, maleic anhydride was prepared by catalytic oxidation of benzene. However, in order to reduce production costs, the n-butane oxidation method was used to produce maleic anhydride. Maleic anhydride was obtained by catalytic oxidation of benzene or oxidation of butene or butane with air. It is soluble in ethanol, ether, and acetone, but insoluble in petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. It reacts with hot water to form maleic acid;

順酐的外觀是白色片狀結(jié)晶，有粉末狀、針狀、片狀、丸狀、棒狀、團(tuán)塊狀或熔融物質(zhì)，相對(duì)密度是1.480，熔點(diǎn)在52.8℃，沸點(diǎn)是202.2℃，閃點(diǎn)：110.0℃。

The appearance of maleic anhydride is a white crystalline flake, with powder, needle, flake, pellet, rod, clump or molten substances. The relative density is 1.480, the melting point is 52.8 ℃, the boiling point is 202.2 ℃, and the flash point is 110.0 ℃.

順酐的作用：用于雙烯合成、制藥物、農(nóng)藥、染料中間體及制聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、馬來(lái)酸等有機(jī)酸，也用作脂肪和油防腐劑等，生產(chǎn)不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、長(zhǎng)效碘胺的原料。也是涂料、馬來(lái)松香、聚馬來(lái)酐、順酐-苯乙烯共聚物的共聚單體，也是生產(chǎn)油墨助劑、造紙助劑、增塑劑、酒石酸、富馬酸、四氫呋喃等的有機(jī)化工原料。

The function of maleic anhydride: used in the synthesis of dienes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dye intermediates, and the production of organic acids such as polyester resin, alkyd resin, and maleic acid. It is also used as a preservative for fats and oils, and as a raw material for the production of unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, and long-acting iodoamine. It is also a comonomer of coatings, maleic rosin, polymaleic anhydride, and maleic anhydride styrene copolymers. It is also an organic chemical raw material for the production of ink additives, papermaking additives, plasticizers, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrofuran, and other chemicals.

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