精萘作為一種具有特殊性質(zhì)的化學(xué)品，其儲存需嚴(yán)格遵循安全規(guī)范，結(jié)合自身特性做好全方位防護(hù)，以避免發(fā)生安全事故。

　　As a chemical with special properties, refined naphthalene must be stored strictly in accordance with safety regulations and protected in all aspects based on its own characteristics to avoid safety accidents.

　　儲存容器的選擇是基礎(chǔ)。精萘為白色晶體，易升華，且具有可燃性，因此需選用密閉性良好的容器，如鍍鋅鐵桶或陶瓷罐，容器蓋需配備密封墊圈，防止萘蒸氣揮發(fā)。容器應(yīng)無破損、銹蝕，內(nèi)壁光滑無毛刺，避免精萘晶體在儲存過程中因摩擦產(chǎn)生靜電。對于大劑量儲存，可使用專用的封閉式儲罐，儲罐材質(zhì)需耐萘的輕微腐蝕，接口處采用螺紋加密封膠的方式密封，定期檢查密封性能，防止蒸氣泄漏。

　　The selection of storage containers is fundamental. Naphthalene is a white crystal that is easily sublimated and flammable. Therefore, it is necessary to use containers with good sealing properties, such as galvanized iron drums or ceramic cans. The container lid should be equipped with a sealing gasket to prevent naphthalene vapor from evaporating. The container should be free of damage and rust, with smooth inner walls and no burrs, to avoid static electricity generated by friction during storage of naphthalene crystals. For high-dose storage, a dedicated closed storage tank can be used, and the tank material should be resistant to slight corrosion by naphthalene. The interface should be sealed with threaded encrypted sealant, and the sealing performance should be checked regularly to prevent steam leakage.

　　儲存環(huán)境的控制至關(guān)重要。存放地點(diǎn)需保持陰涼、通風(fēng)，遠(yuǎn)離明火、熱源（如暖氣、火爐），環(huán)境溫度不宜超過 30℃，因?yàn)榫恋娜埸c(diǎn)較低，高溫易使其熔化并加速升華。同時，儲存區(qū)域應(yīng)避免陽光直射，可通過加裝遮陽板或放置在陰涼倉庫內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)。由于精萘蒸氣與空氣混合可能形成爆炸性混合物，儲存場所需嚴(yán)禁吸煙，配備防爆型通風(fēng)設(shè)備，通風(fēng)口應(yīng)設(shè)置在倉庫底部，以利于密度較大的萘蒸氣排出。

　　The control of storage environment is crucial. The storage location should be kept cool, ventilated, and away from open flames and heat sources (such as heaters and stoves). The ambient temperature should not exceed 30 ℃ because the melting point of refined naphthalene is low, and high temperatures can easily cause it to melt and accelerate sublimation. At the same time, the storage area should avoid direct sunlight, which can be achieved by installing sun visors or placing it in a cool warehouse. Due to the potential formation of explosive mixtures when naphthalene vapor mixes with air, smoking is strictly prohibited in storage areas. Explosion proof ventilation equipment should be equipped, and ventilation openings should be located at the bottom of the warehouse to facilitate the discharge of denser naphthalene vapor.

　　堆放方式需合理規(guī)范。桶裝精萘應(yīng)放置在平整的地面上，避免傾斜或堆疊過高，通常堆疊高度不超過兩層，防止底層容器受壓變形導(dǎo)致泄漏。容器之間需預(yù)留不少于 0.5 米的間距，便于通風(fēng)和檢查，同時避免相互碰撞產(chǎn)生火花。若使用托盤堆放，托盤需堅(jiān)固耐用，防止坍塌，且托盤底部需墊放防潮板，避免地面潮氣影響精萘質(zhì)量。此外，儲存區(qū)域內(nèi)不得存放氧化劑、強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿等化學(xué)品，因?yàn)榫僚c這些物質(zhì)接觸可能發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，引發(fā)危險(xiǎn)。

　　The stacking method should be reasonable and standardized. Bottled refined naphthalene should be placed on a flat surface to avoid tilting or stacking too high. The stacking height should not exceed two layers to prevent leakage caused by deformation of the bottom container under pressure. A distance of no less than 0.5 meters should be reserved between containers for ventilation and inspection, while avoiding collisions and sparks. If using pallets for stacking, the pallets should be sturdy and durable to prevent collapse, and moisture-proof boards should be placed at the bottom of the pallets to avoid moisture on the ground affecting the quality of refined naphthalene. In addition, chemicals such as oxidants, strong acids, and strong bases must not be stored in the storage area, as contact between refined naphthalene and these substances may cause chemical reactions and pose a danger.

　　安全防護(hù)措施必不可少。儲存場所需配備足夠的消防器材，如干粉滅火器、滅火砂，嚴(yán)禁使用水基型滅火器，因?yàn)榫敛蝗苡谒?，用水滅火可能?dǎo)致火勢蔓延。工作人員進(jìn)入儲存區(qū)域時，需穿著防靜電工作服和防滑鞋，避免產(chǎn)生靜電，操作時輕拿輕放，防止容器碰撞。同時，儲存區(qū)應(yīng)設(shè)置明顯的安全警示標(biāo)識，注明 “易燃物品”“禁止煙火” 等字樣，限制無關(guān)人員進(jìn)入。

　　Security measures are essential. The storage area should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, such as dry powder fire extinguishers and fire extinguishing sand. The use of water-based fire extinguishers is strictly prohibited because naphthalene is insoluble in water, and using water to extinguish the fire may lead to the spread of the fire. When entering the storage area, staff should wear anti-static work clothes and non slip shoes to avoid generating static electricity. When operating, handle with care to prevent container collisions. At the same time, clear safety warning signs should be set up in the storage area, indicating words such as "flammable materials" and "no smoking", to restrict unrelated personnel from entering.

　　日常檢查與應(yīng)急處理需常態(tài)化。定期檢查儲存容器的密封情況，觀察是否有萘蒸氣泄漏（可通過聞到煤焦油氣味判斷），若發(fā)現(xiàn)泄漏，需立即疏散周圍人員，穿戴防護(hù)用具后進(jìn)行處理，用沙土覆蓋泄漏的晶體，收集后放入新的密封容器中。儲存區(qū)域的地面應(yīng)保持清潔，若有散落的精萘晶體，需及時清掃，避免其升華后濃度過高。此外，需建立儲存臺賬，記錄進(jìn)出庫數(shù)量、儲存時間，定期輪換庫存，優(yōu)先使用儲存時間較長的精萘，防止因長期儲存導(dǎo)致品質(zhì)變化。

　　Daily inspections and emergency response need to be normalized. Regularly check the sealing of storage containers and observe for any naphthalene vapor leaks (which can be determined by smelling coal tar). If a leak is found, immediately evacuate the surrounding personnel, wear protective equipment, and handle it. Cover the leaked crystals with sand and collect them and place them in a new sealed container. The ground of the storage area should be kept clean. If there are scattered naphthalene crystals, they should be cleaned up in a timely manner to avoid excessive concentration after sublimation. In addition, it is necessary to establish a storage ledger to record the quantity and storage time of incoming and outgoing inventory, regularly rotate inventory, prioritize the use of refined naphthalene with longer storage time, and prevent quality changes due to long-term storage.

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